Neisseria meningitidis infectious disease and antimicrobial agents. Neisseria meningitidis adalah bakteri gramnegatif penyebab penyakit meningitis dan meningococcemia. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as gonococcus singular, or gonococci plural is a species of gramnegative diplococci bacteria isolated by albert neisser in 1879. Invasion results in bacteremia, with possible progression to sepsis, meningitis, and death.
Neisseria meningitidis is immediately reportable on first knowledge or suspicion of the diagnosis due to the potential need for prophylaxis of close contacts within 24 hours of suspected diagnosis suspicion is normally based on gram stain results see table on page 4. Pdf panduan deteksi dan respon penyakit meningitis. Ceftriaxone given in a single intramuscular dose is effective in eradicating carriage. Even if treated quickly, meningococcal disease can cause longterm problems or be deadly.
The remaining culturepositive episodes of meningitis comprised haemophilus in. Penghitungan darah komplit adalah indeks umum terhadap kesehatan, serta memeriksa jumlah sel darah merah dan putih pada darah. Diagnosis and prevention of neisseria meningitides induced. Two distinct age groups show peak incidence of disease. Neisseria meningitidis wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia. Pdf penyakit meningokokus adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri neisseria meningitidis yang dikenal sebagai. Csf, blood are to be investigated in accordance with the communicable disease reporting rule 410 iac 12. Meningococcal disease is a serious infection caused by serotypes a, b, c, w5 and y of the bacteria, neisseria meningitidis. Feb 12, 2010 neisseria meningitidis meningococcus dr kamran afzal slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Neisseria meningitidis nm or the meningococcus is a leading cause of meningitis and sepsis worldwide. Le staa descovert in del 1880 del dottor giovanni battista ughetti. Neisseria meningitidis is immediately reportable on first knowledge or suspicion of the diagnosis due to the potential need for prophylaxis of close contacts within 24 hours of suspected diagnosis suspicion is. Some of the most common bacteria known to cause meningitis are described below. The nose and throat of humans is perfect because of the warm temperatures in both of these areas.
Highly publicized outbreaks of disease caused by this organism in communities and on college campuses have resulted in a heightened public awareness of its potentially devastating effects. It can be found in about 28% of humans that are carriers of the bacteria in a normal setting. Frequently asked questions about meningococcal disease. N meningitidis antigen by ihc specify ihc specimen 1. However, the incidence is highest in the late winter and early spring. Meningitidis mainly resides in the nose and throat of humans. There are two clinical forms of meningococcal disease. Epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of. It has a high mortality rate if untreated but is vaccinepreventable. Appropriate suspending vehicle or syrup vehicle can be used for liquid suspension rifampin orders. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
Neisseria meningitidis wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. Chapter 7 identification and characterization of neisseria meningitidis. Neisseria meningitidis the meningococcus causes significant morbidity and mortality in children and young adults worldwide through epidemic or sporadic meningitis andor septicemia. It causes the sexually transmitted genitourinary infection gonorrhea as well as other forms of gonococcal disease including disseminated gonococcemia, septic arthritis, and gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum. Only people who have been in close contact with saliva or respiratory. This bacteria can also only grow where fatty acids and trace metals are also present.
Ciprofloxacin, administered to adults in a single oral dose is effective in. Neisseria meningitidis meningococcus dr kamran afzal slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. It is quite contagious, and often spreads through groups of close quartered individuals such as. Neisseria menigitidis is a gramnegative, aerobic, nonmotile, nonsporeforming, oxidasepositive, catalasepositive coccus. Neisseria meningitidis are bacteria that can cause meningococcal disease, a very severe form of meningitis andor blood infection. Three species of bacteria, streptococcus pneumonia, haemophilus influenzae and neisseria meningitidis figure 1, are known to cause this infection. Endotoksin wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. The epidemiology of meningococcal disease varies by geography and time. Neisseria meningitidis is an aerobic, gramnegative diplococcus that causes meningococcal diseases such as meningococcemia and bacterial meningitis.
Neisseria meningitidis nm causes the majority of meningitis epidemics in africa, as well as the more severe meningococcal septicaemia. Radang dapat disebabkan oleh infeksi oleh virus, bakteri, atau juga mikroorganisme lain, dan walaupun jarang dapat disebabkan oleh obat tertentu. Vaccine potential of the neisseria meningitidis 2086 lipoprotein. Vaccine potential of the neisseria meningitidis 2086. Diagnosis, initial management, and prevention of meningitis. Who guidelines for the treatment of neisseria gonorrhoeae. Quick medical attention is extremely important if meningococcal disease is suspected. Neisseria meningitidis haemophilus influenzae streptococcus pneumoniae streptococcus pyogenes group a strep neisseria meningitidis is immediately reportable on first knowledge or suspicion of the diagnosis due to the potential need for prophylaxis of close contacts within 24 hours of suspected diagnosis suspicion is. Virulence of these isolates in experimental mouse models. There are a number of viral and bacterial causes of meningitis, but neisseria meningitidis is the most common cause of the more serious bacterial meningitis in children who are most susceptible to the disease, and one of the most common in adults. Characterization of motility and piliation in pathogenic. Neisseria gonorrhoeae can be diagnosed by culture or nucleic acid amplification tests naats, and by gram stain in men with urethritis. Bakteri ini dapat menghasilkan kapsul polisakarida dan enzim oksidase. Abcs personnel routinely contacted all microbiology laboratories serving acute care hospitals in their area to identify cases.
Part of the explanation for this phenomenon is the fact that meningitis due to neisseria meningitidis tends to strike young, previously well individuals and can progress over a matter of hours to death. The bacteria are able to multiply and form a colony because of its ability to acquire iron from the host. Penyebaran bakteri ini umumnya melalui pernapasan atau. The distribution and frequency of these serogroups varies from region to region. The bacteria are then able to invade the mucous membrane that lines the nasopharnyx. The investigation shall include collecting case information, obtaining laboratory. Meningitis wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas.
The bacteria is found in much higher percentages in. Bakteri ini pertama kali diisolasi pada tahun 1887. About 15% of people carry these bacteria in their throats without getting sick. Rocephin children and adults two to 50 years of age. Neisseria meningitidis, often referred to as meningococcus, is a gramnegative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a lifethreatening sepsis. Neisseria meningitidis is the one with the potential to cause large epidemics. When a single instance of neisseria meningitidis occurs, the state and county health departments work together to insure that appropriate contacts obtain antibiotics. Mortality can be very high if the infection is not treated appropriately, and longterm sequelae can be severe even in successfully managed cases.
Meningococcal disease neisseria meningitidis disease. Neisseria meningitidis is a gramnegative, either an encapsulated or unencapsulated, aerobic diplococcus with a kidney or coffeebean shape. Wholegenome sequencing of neisseria meningitidis serogroup x isolates from subsaharan africa and europe showed that serogroup x emergence in subsaharan africa resulted from expansion of particular variants within clonal complex 181. Meningococcemia is defined as dissemination of meningococci neisseria meningitidis into the bloodstream see the image below. Meningitidis that have cause epidemics around the world. It is still a serious public health threat, particularly in african countries along the meningitis belt, where it periodically causes major epidemics. Neisseria meningitidis has recently emerged as the leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults in the united states centers for disease control and prevention cdc, 2000. Meningitidis cannot grow at temperatures below 30c. Full text get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 384k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Meningitis arises upon inflammation of the meninges, which consists of the membrane that envelops and protects the central nervous system.
Meningococcal disease is a contagious infection spread by close contact, such as living with or kissing an infected person. Meningococcal disease can refer to any illness that is caused by a type of bacteria called neisseria meningitidis. It can grow on both a blood agar plate bap and a chocolate agar plate cap. Pathogenesis and immunity article pdf available in current opinion in microbiology 23c. Neisseria meningitidis the meningococcus is a fastidious gramnegative diplococcus that colonizes and invades only man. Infection with neisseria meningitidis can produce a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from transient fever and bacteremia to fulminant disease with death ensuing within hours of the onset of clinical symptoms. Pdf neisseria meningitidis susceptibility in northcameroon. This bacteriology lecture will explain the general properties of neisseria meningitidis and it also explains the disease, pathogenesis, and treatment of neisseria meningitidis infection. Neisseria meningitidis is a leading cause of meningitis and septicemia in children and young adults in the united states. Chapter 7 identification and characterization of neisseria.
Meningitis atau radang selaput otak adalah radang pada membran yang menyelubungi otak dan sumsum tulang belakang, yang secara kesatuan disebut meningen. Meningococcal disease describes infections caused by the bacterium neisseria meningitidis also termed meningococcus. Neisseria meningitidis is an obligate human pathogen that inhabits the upper respiratory tract, from which it occasionally disseminates, causing disease. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup x in subsaharan africa. The bacterium is referred to as a coccus because it is round, and more specifically, diplococcus because of its tendency to form pairs. While best known as a cause of meningitis, it can also result in sepsis, which is an even more damaging and dangerous condition. Neisseria meningitidis will attach to the microvilli of nonciliated columnar epithelial cells that reside in the nasal region of humans. In settings without available laboratory diagnostic support, diagnosis is often made clinically, based on the presence of symptoms such as vaginal and urethral discharge. See the article acute urethritis due to neisseria meningitidis group a acquired by orogenital contact. Other bacterial causes of meningitis include haemophilus influenza type b, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus agalactiae, escherichia coli k1, listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus.
Neisseria meningitidis is a human pathogen that can infect diverse sites within the human host. The neisseria meningitidis capsule is important for intracellular survival in human cells. To characterize motility in pathogenic neisseria, we studied twitching motility using livecell phase contrast imaging and automated particle tracking of moving bacteria. The average annual rate of invasive disease such as meningitis, meningococcemia, and arthritis is approximately 1. Neisseria meningitidis is one of the most crucial causes of bacterial meningitis worldwide. The most common disease caused by neisseria meningitidis is meningococcal meningitis or more commonly known as bacterial meningitis. The neisseria meningitidis adhesion regulatory protein.
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